Messier Catalog Credits & Sources

Main Photo Credits:

• With the exception of those listed below under Additional Photo Credits, all photos in this Messier catalog were obtained from the Skyview Virtual Observatory. These images are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain. The Palomar Observatory Sky Survey was funded by the National Geographic Society. The Oschin Schmidt Telescope is operated by the California Institute of Technology and Palomar Observatory. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital format with their permission. The Digitized Sky Survey was produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute (ST ScI) under U.S. Government grant NAG W-2166. Copyright © 1993, 1994 Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. All rights reserved.

Additional Photo Credits:

• Aris Entertainment:  M16, M42, M57

• Astronomical Images Archive:  M17, M20, M27, M31, M82, M83, M104

• Bill Keel, University of Alabama Department of Physics and Astronomy:   M24

• The Electronic Universe Project, University of Oregon:  M91

Book Credits:

• Mallas, John and Everitt Kreimer. The Messier Album. 248 pp., hardcover. Sky Publishing Corporation, 1978

• Eicher, David J. The Universe from Your Backyard. 188 pp. hardcover. Kalmbach Publishing Company, 1988.

Internet Credits:

• SEDS Messier Database:   Object descriptions and coordinates.

• The Complete Messier Catalog:   Object Descriptions and coordinates.

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